厌氧氨氧化微生物的吸附、包埋固定化效果初探

Preliminary study on nitrogen removal with anaerobic ammonium oxidizing(ANAMMOX) bacteria immobilized in absorbent and entrapping materials

以活性炭、陶瓷生化环、陶瓷生化球、珊瑚砂、火山石和生化棉为吸附固定化载体,以海藻酸钠(SA)和聚乙烯醇(PVA)制成的SA、PVA、PVA-SA和PVA-SA-活性炭小球为包埋固定化载体,研究了厌氧氨氧化微生物固定化的脱氮效果.结果表明,吸附固定化的大部分处理和包埋固定化的部分处理均能维持较高的厌氧氨氧化活性.吸附固定化脱氮效率优于包埋固定化,其中,活性炭吸附固定化脱氮效果最好,初期可以提高活性达30%以上.通过对活性炭吸附固定化的中长期连续运行监测发现,活性炭固定化第6次反应过程的厌氧氨氧化活性是对照的3.5倍.因此,活性炭吸附固定化还具有稳定持续的中长期效应,不失为一条有效提高厌氧氨氧化活性的固定化途径.

Nitrogen removal was compared for anammox bacteria immobilized in absorbent materials （active carbon, china ring, china ball, corallites vesuvianite and packing fibre） and entrapping materials （ beads of sodium alginate （SA） , polyvinyl alcohol （PVA） , PVA-SA and PVA-SA-active carbon）. The results showed that anammox activities of bacteria immobilized in most of the materials were the same as those of the original anammox bacteria. However, the nitrogen removal ratio of anammox bacteria immobilized in absorbent materials was higher than that of entrapping materials. Anammox bacteria immobilized in activated carbon showed the highest nitrogen removal ratio in the experiment, reaching nearly 1.32 times higher than the control on the 3^rd day. In this study, nitrogen removal ratio was continuously monitored in a 1 L column reactor for 15 d. Anammox activity after immobilization in activated carbon was 3.5 times higher than the control in the 6th recycle, which showed that anammox immobilized in activated carbon has the potential to remove nitrogen effectively and steadily for a long time.