沟通与刻板印象的维持、变化和抑制

The Impact of Communication on Stereotype Maintenance,Transformation and Inhibition

沟通提供了维持人类社会行为所必要的信息,是人类交换信息,建立并维持相互联系的工具。刻板印象是一种涉及知觉者对某个群体的知识、观念与期望的认知结构。近年来,研究者们从多个方面探讨了沟通与刻板印象的维持、变化和抑制的关系,发现群体内沟通,通过策略性的信息选择和语言偏差,能够维持刻板印象,并可能使刻板印象极端化;而群际沟通,特别是代理式的群际沟通,则成为抑制刻板印象的一种可能方法。

Communication is a tool for humans to exchange information, which establishes and maintains mutual relationship and social behavior. A stereotype can be defined as ＂a cognitive structure that contains the pereeiver＇s knowledge, beliefs, and expectations about a human group＂. In recent years, researchers have explored various effects of communication on stereotype maintenance, stereotype transformation and stereotype inhibition. Results of these studies showed that 1） ingroup communication maintained stereotypes or led to a polarization of stereotypes with strategic choice of information and biased language; 2） intergroup communication, especially the vicarious intergroup communication, may constitute a possible approach to stereotype inhibition. Identification of these impacts would help to further understand the intergroup communication.