超低浓度煤层气能源化利用技术研究进展

Research progress in the utilization of ventilation air methane as an energy source

超低浓度煤层气由于甲烷含量低、浓度变化大,常规技术难以实现有效利用,世界上几乎所有超低浓度煤层气都没有经过利用而直接排向大气,不仅造成了能源的浪费,而且污染了大气。为此,综述了国内外超低浓度煤层气作为能源利用的技术、方法和机理,分析了国内外把超低浓度煤层气作为辅助燃料、主要燃料及其浓缩技术的优点和不足之处,重点介绍了超低浓度煤层气作为主要燃料的研究和应用现状,同时提出除了要加强超低浓度煤层气燃烧机理研究之外,还应对利用技术的适应性和运行的可靠性进一步研究的建议,为减少超低浓度煤层气在世界范围尤其是在我国的排放和能源化利用提供了技术支撑。

The ventilation air methane from coal mining,due to its variably low content of fugitive methane,is very difficult to be utilized by conventional technologies.Thus,methane emissions from coal mine ventilation air will inevitably result in the waste of energy and the pollution of air.In view of this,this paper summarizes the technology,methods and principle of using ventilation air methane as an energy source at home and abroad,analyzes in detail both advantages and disadvantages of techniques of taking coal mine methane as the auxiliary fuel,being a substitute for air in gas turbines or internal combustion engines,or as the main fuel,i.e.,TFRR (Thermal Flow Reversal Reactor,CFRR (Catalytic Flow Reversal Reactor),CMR (Catalytic Monolith Reactor),and lean gas turbine,and the technology of being concentrated and purified,focusing on the present status of research and application of that as the main fuel.Finally,it is concluded that research of the combustion mechanism should be developed on the coal mine ventilation air methane,and its technical adaptability and operational reliability should be further studied as well,thus,providing a robust technical support for energy saving and emission reduction of coal mine methane all over the world.