超声模板法制备纳米二氧化铈的研究

Synthesis of CeO_2 nanoparticles by ultrasonic template method

采用超声模板法结合共沸蒸馏和水热法处理前驱体成功制备出了纳米CeO2颗粒,通过TEM、XRD、FT-IR、UV-Vis等分析方法对产物形貌、结构和性能进行了表征;研究了模板剂的性质、模板剂的用量、共沸蒸馏和水热处理对纳米CeO2颗粒形态、尺寸的影响。实验结果表明,与OP-10和SDBS比较,CTAB最适合应用于制备纳米CeO2颗粒。当模板剂用量为n(CTAB)∶n(Ce(NO3)3.6H2O)=1∶2,制备出粒径约为6.1nm的球形纳米CeO2;共沸蒸馏能有效去除前驱体中的模板剂和吸附水,丁氧基的取代吸附及其空间位阻作用有利于制得分散性好、粒度分布均匀、粒径约为1.5～2.2nm的纳米CeO2颗粒;水热处理改善了纳米CeO2颗粒的晶化度,避免了高温焙烧过程时硬团聚体的生成,颗粒尺寸为2.5～3.8nm;纳米CeO2颗粒具有良好的可见光透过和优异的紫外光吸收性能。

CeO2 nanoparticles were successfully synthesized by ultrasonic template method combining with precursor treatment of butanol azeotropic distillation and hydrothermal method,respectively.The morphologies,structure and properties of the nanoparticles were characterized by TEM,XRD,FT-IR,UV-Vis,etc.The effects of the property of template,the amounts of template,azeotropic distillation and hydrothermal method on the grain morphology and size were investigated.The results showed that CTAB （cationic surfactant） was the best choice for the template,comparing with OP-10 and SDBS.Spherical CeO2 nanoparticles （ca.6.1nm） were prepared when the molar ratios between CTAB and Ce（NO3）3·6H2O was 1∶2;The azeotropic distillation effectively reduced the template and absorption water,The replace absorption and steric effects of butoxy conducive to synthesize nanoparticles with good dispersion,uniform particle size（ca.1.5-2.2nm）.hydrothermal method improved the crystall-ization degree of the nanoparticles,avoiding the formation of hard agglomerates during the high temperature calcinations,the particle size was about 2.5-3.8nm;CeO2 nanoparticles have high transparency in visible light and excellent UV-shielding property.