活性泡沫炭用于超级电容器电极材料

Electrode performances for supercapacitors of activated carbon derived from foams

以酚醛树脂、煤沥青泡沫炭为原料,经水蒸气活化制得比表面积分别为961和953m2/g的活性泡沫炭。采用扫描电镜、BET吸附仪、恒流充放电法和循环伏安法对两种活性泡沫炭的结构进行了表征并研究其充放电性能。结果表明,酚醛树脂泡沫炭在1.0nm以下的孔较煤沥青泡沫炭丰富。在1.0mA充放电时,两者的充放电容量分别为106.28和105.1F/g,相差不大,当充放电电流增大到50mA时,前者容量为41.94F/g,后者为17.23F/g。可见,微孔的孔径分布对充放电性能具有很大影响,增大微孔的孔径有利于提高活性炭电极的充放电容量和功率。循环伏安法测试表明在100mV/min扫描速率下酚醛树脂泡沫炭粉的电化学窗口大于煤沥青泡沫炭粉。

Two kinds of activated carbon were obtained from phenolic resin and coal tar pitch carbon foams by vapor activation,with specific surface area of 961 and 953m2/g respectively.Their morphology and pore structure were characterized with scanning microscope and BET nitrogen adsorption instrument,while the charge discharge performance was investigated by constant current and cyclic voltammetry methods.The results showed that,the phenolic sample owns more abundant and larger micropores under 1.0nm than the pitch＇s.The larger micropore size benefited its charge discharge performance especially at higher current.Working at 1.0mA,the two samples showed similar capacitance,which was 106.28 and 105.1F/g for the phenolic and the pitch＇s respectively.However,when working at 50mA,they performed much differently,the capacitance for the phenolic and the pitch＇s decreased to 41.94 and 17.23F/g respectively,showing that the micropores under 1.0nm obviously effected on the performance of the anode material.Cyclic voltammetry test showed the electrochemical window for phenolic carbon was wider than that of pitch carbon at 100mV/min.