乳腺癌患者循环肿瘤细胞的检测及其临床应用(英文)

Detection and Clinical Application of Circulating Tumor Cells in Breast Cancer

肿瘤转移是乳腺癌治疗失败的主要原因之一。肿瘤细胞进人外周血是发生远处转移的前提,早在1896年,Ashworth在1例因癌症死亡的患者外周血中发现了类似肿瘤的细胞,并首次提出了循环肿瘤细胞(circulating tumor cell.CTC)的概念。进人循环未被清除的肿瘤细胞可相互聚集形成微小癌栓,并在一定条件下发展为转移灶。越来越多的学者开始关注循环肿瘤细胞方面的研究,近年来,有关乳腺癌患者CTC检测及其临床应用的研究已取得了长足的进展。

Tumor metastasis is one of the main cause for the failure of breast cancer treatment. Tumor cells entering into circulation system is the prerequisite for tumor metastasis in the distant organs. Early in 1896, the concept of circulating tumor cell （ CTC ） was proposed by Ashworth when they found tumor-like cells in the pe- ripheral blood of a diseased tumor patient. Tumor cells in the circulation that were not cleared can form tumor embolus and develop into metastases under certain conditions. More and more studies began to focus on CTC. In recent years, considerable progresses have been made on the detection and clinical application of CTC in breast cancer. The various techniques currently being used for CTC enrichment and detection will be reviewed in this article. The significance and clinical applications of CTC detection in breast cancer will also be discussed.