精神科护士受伤害情况调查及相关因素分析

Injury status and related factors of psychiatric nurses

目的:对精神科护士受伤害情况及其相关因素调查分析,寻求防范措施,减少伤害事件的发生。方法:采用自制的"精神科护士受伤害登记表"对2005～2008年发生的46名受伤害护士资料进行统计分析。结果:20～40岁之间的男性、在男病区工作的初级职称护士受伤害的几率为41.3%;伤害事件白天较晚上多,地点大部分在病室,方式以拳打脚踢和咬伤、抓伤多见;受伤害的程度多为2级。相关因素中,青壮年男性、精神分裂症急性期、一级护理、入院1～10天,精神症状以幻觉、关系、被害妄想以及情绪不稳、易激惹、冲动行为为主的病人,是发生伤害事件的高危人群。结论:精神科护士职业危险性高,在维护病人安全的同时,应增强自身防护意识。

Objective： To investigate and analyze injured nurses and related factors to look for preventive interventions. Methods： All information of 46 nurses who were injured between 2005 and 2008 were collected and analyzed by Self-designed Injury Registration Form for Psychiatric Nurses （SIRFPN）. Results： Injury probability of male nursing staff with primary professional title who worked at male wards was 41.3%. Injuries took place more often in daytime than in evening, and mainly occurred in bedroom. Beating, kicking, bite and scratch were the primary manner of injury. Most of the injury levels were grade 2. Among related factors, young male patients, with acute schizophrenia, on Level one nursing care, at the first 10 days of hospitalization, and with some main symptoms including hallucinations, relation persecutory delusion, emotional lability, irritability and impulsive behavior were high risk group of developing injury events. Conclusion： Occupational risk of psychiatric nurses is high. Nurses should pay attention to self-protection while protecting patients’ safety.