云南省保山市黄胸鼠寄生蚤的组成及时间分布

The composition and temporal distribution characters of the fleas on Rattus flavipectus in Baoshan City,Yunnan province

目的了解云南省保山市黄胸鼠寄生蚤类的组成及时间分布特征。方法根据保山地区1986-1989年鼠体蚤监测资料进行统计和分析。结果(1)该地黄胸鼠寄生蚤由缓慢细蚤(Leptopsylla segnis)、印鼠客蚤(Xenopsylla cheopis)、不等单蚤(Monopsyllus anisus)等12种构成,其中以缓慢细蚤为优势种(占蚤类总数的67.61(),其次是印鼠客蚤(占蚤类总数的24.64(),而其他种类数量相对较少;(2)根据蚤类季节消长变化趋势看出:2、4月蚤指数出现两个小高峰,9月份在气温和湿度都较高的情况下,蚤指数升到全年的最高值,以后开始出现下降的趋势,此变化趋势与当地温、湿度有一定的关系。结论保山市黄胸鼠寄生蚤以非鼠疫媒介蚤缓慢细蚤的数量占绝对优势,而主要媒介印鼠客蚤数量相对较少。黄胸鼠体蚤类的组成及空间配置状况,是形成和影响重要媒介印鼠客蚤的指数较低和该市多年来未发生鼠疫流行的重要因素。

Objective To find out the constituent and temporal distributing characters of the fleas communities on Rattus flavipectus in Baoshan city, Yunnan province. Methods The report forms, based on collection and investigation of the data from Baoshan city between 1986 and 1989 , have been neatened and analyzed. Results （ 1 ） This region find 12 species such as Leptopsylla segnis, Xenopsylla cheopis,Monopsyllus anisus and so on. Leptopsylla segnis as the dominant species accounts for 67.61% of the total flea individuals, and X. cheopis accounts for 24.64 %, while the rest species are relatively small ; （ 2 ） According to seasonal variation tendency ： 2, 4 flea index was on the two small peaks t and in September in a high temperature and humidity, the flea index rose to the highest value of the year, and then began to decline after trends. This trends and changes relate to local temperature and humidity. Conclusions L. Segnis （ not medium flea ） is on the dominant species1 while X. cheopis （ medium flea } is on the second dominance. The constituent and spatial allocation of the fleas on Rattus flavipectus plays a vital role in forming lower X. cheopis index and rare plague epidemic.