4Puntillo K,Pasero C,Li D. Evaluation of pain in ICU patients[J].{H}CHEST,2009,(04):1069.
5Herr K,Chen P. Postoperative pain assessment with three intensity scales in Chinese elders[J].J Nuts Scholarsh,2009,(03):241.
6中华医学会疼痛学分会.临床诊疗指南:疼痛学分册[M]{H}北京:人民卫生出版社,20064-6.
7Payen JF,Bosson JL,Chanques G. Pain assessment is associated with decreased duration of mechanical ventilation in the intensive care unit:a post Hoc analysis of the DOLOREA study[J].{H}ANESTHESIOLOGY,2009,(06):1308-1316.
8Erstad BL,Puntillo K,Gilbert HC. Pain management principles in the critically ill[J].{H}CHEST,2009,(04):1075-1086.
9Ahlers SJ,van der Veen AM,van Dijk M. The use of the behavioral pain scale to assess pain in conscious sedated patients[J].{H}Anesthesia and Analgesia,2010,(01):127-133.
