随机时变需求下有阶段和总量约束的多源采购优化

Procurement optimization from multiple suppliers with periodic and total order constraints under stochastic and non-stationary demands

针对有阶段采购量区间约束及最小总量要求的多供应商多阶段订单分配问题,以采购方采购、库存、缺货成本总和与期末库存残值之差的期望值最小为目标,建立随机非线性规划模型.考虑采购量约束及多供应商情形,扩展报童模型得出单阶段最优采购策略.以此为基础建立多阶段启发式算法,通过仿真分析各参数对最优采购策略及其总成本的影响.将最小总量承诺契约扩展到时变需求和多供应商情形,可为采购方降低成本.

Multi-supplier and multi-period order allocation with periodic and total order constrtaints is addressed. A stochastic nonlinear programming model is developed to minimize the expectation value of the difference between the sum of procurement,inventory and shortage cost and the residual value of the ending inventory for the purchaser over the planning horizon. The optimal procurement policy in single period is obtained according to the newsboy model after the order constraints and multiple suppliers are considered. Then the heuristic policy for multi-period procurement is derived from the optimal one in single period. An illustrative example is presented,and simulation results show the effects of several parameters on the optimal policy and the corresponding minimum cost. The total minimum commitment contract is extended to the non-stationary demands and multiple suppliers setting,which can reduce costs for the purchaser.