中国9个地方山羊品种的遗传多样性和群体结构分析

Genetic Diversity and Population Structure in Nine Chinese Indigenous Goat Breeds

采用联合国粮农组织(FAO)和国际动物遗传学会(ISAG)联合推荐的数据库中选取的16对微卫星引物对中国9个地方山羊品种和1个引进品种(波尔山羊)的遗传多样性及群体结构进行分析。结果表明,在15个微卫星位点上共检测到159个等位基因;9个地方山羊品种的Fst值为89.5%,说明89.5%的遗传变异存在于品种内,而10.5%的遗传变异存在于品种间;依据Da遗传距离构建UPGMA系统发生树,表明波尔山羊分开独自聚为一类,9个地方山羊品种分为两类;采用Structure软件对10个山羊品种的群体结构进行分析,可以将其分为4组。所得到的群体关系同聚类图得到的结果基本一致。

Nine Chinese indigenous goat breeds and Boer were genotyped using 16 microsatellite markers recommended by the FAO and ISAG.15 of the 16 microsatellite markers which had more than four alleles were used to analyze the genetic variation within the population and the genetic relationship and structure among the populations.A total of 159 microsatellite alleles were detected.Mean F-statistic（0.105） for nine indigenous breeds indicated that 89.5% of the variation was detected within the breeds and 10.5% of the genetic variation existed among the indigenous breeds.The UPGMA phylogenetic tree was constructed based on Da genetic distance and three clusters was obtained.The Boer separated from the indigenous breeds and formed one cluster.The indigenous goat breeds were divided into two clusters.The analysis of the population for the ten breeds showed they were separated into four clusters.The results showed that the population relationship is nearly the same to the UPGMA phylogenetic tree.