沙尘对杏树座果率的影响及应对措施研究

Effect of Sand Dust on Fruit Set Rate of Apricot and Relieving Way and Its Defensive Measures

【目的】沙尘对杏树座果率的影响及相应的防御措施。【方法】杏树安江胡安娜为试验材料,通过人工模拟南疆沙尘现象对盛花期的杏树进行沙尘及药剂干预试验。【结果】①沙尘可使盛花期杏树减产26.6%。②在杏树盛花期喷施硼酸(0.15%)、赤霉素(30 mg/L)2、,4-D(1.8 mg/L)、花粉(0.8 g/L)时,和自然授粉杏树的座果率(5.68%)相比,其提高效果分别为:花粉(4.11%)>赤霉素(1.84%)>2,4-D(1.64%)>硼酸(1.01%)。③在模拟沙尘条件下,喷施同样浓度的处理,座果率均高于自然授粉杏树的座果率(5.68%),且提高杏树座果率的高低顺序相同,提高最高的是喷花粉处理(2.23%)。④模拟沙尘条件下,喷施药剂中分别加入0.8 g/L的花粉,和自然授粉杏树相比均可以提高杏树的座果率,其效果和前两个提高杏树座果率的高低顺序相同,且座果率均高于晴好天气杏树的座果率。【结论】沙尘对盛花期杏树的座果有很大危害,通过人工干预措施可以提高杏树的座果率,降低危害。

[Objective]The paper studied effect of sand dust on fruit set rate of apricot and its defensive measures. [ Method]Test of mimesis phenomenon of sand dust on Anjiang - huanna apricot of blooming period were done in Luntai National Pomology Germpasm Garden of Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Science{ LTP） in 2009. [ Result] （1）The yield of apricot at full bloom stage could be reduced with sand dust by 26.6%. （2）The fruit set rate could be increased when spraying with boracic acid（0.15% ）, activol（30 rag/L）, 2,4 - D（ 1.8 mg/L）, pollen （0.8 g/L） in blooming period of apricot. （3）When sand dust occured, spraying with the same concentration of fungicide could help to increase the fruit set rate of apricot, which were higher than that of the control. QWhen sand dust occurred, the fungicide were added by pollen （ 2.23 % ）, the fruit set rate of apricot was increased, whose result were the same as that of the former. The fruit set rate of apricot were higher than that of apricot in fine day. [ Conclusion]The sand dust had great damage to the fruit set rate of apricot at full bloom stage.