1Suedmeyer W K. Noninfectious diseases of reptiles [ J ]. Seminars in Avian and Exotic Pet Medicine, 1995,4( 1 ) :56 -60.
2Norton T M. Chelonian emergency and critical care [ J 1. Seminars in Avian and Exotic Pet Medicine,2005,14(2) :106 -130.
3Rosskopf W J, Shindo M K. Syndromes and conditions of common- ly Kept tortoise and turtle species[ J]. Seminars in Avian and Ex- otic Pet Medicine,2003,12 ( 3 ) : 149 - 161.
4Mader D R. Reptile medicine and surgery [ M ]. Canada:Saunders Elsevier,2006:742 - 746.
5Brown J D ,Sleeman J M. Morbidity and mortality of reptiles ad- mitted to the Wildlife Center of Virginia, 1991 to 2000 [ J ]. Jour- nal of Wildlife Diseases ,2002,38 (4) :699 - 705.
6Mcarthur S,Wilkinson R,Meyer J. Medicine and surgery of tor- toises and turtles [ M ]. United Kingdom : Blackwell Publishing, 2004.
7Mosley C. Anesthesia and analgesia in reptiles [J] . Seminars in Avian and Exotic Pet Medicine,2005,14 ( 4 ) :243 - 262.
8Brown J D, Sleeman J M, Elvinger F. Epidemiologic determinants of aural abscessation in free - living eastern box turtles ( Terrap- ene carolina)in Virginia[ J ]. Journal of Wildlife Diseases ,2003, 39(4) :918 -921.
9Schrader G M,Allender M C and Odoi A. Diagnosis,treatment, and outcome of Eastern box turtles ( Terrapene carolina carolina) presented to a wildlife clinic in Tennessee, USA, 1995 - 2007 [ J]. Journal of Wildlife Diseases, 2010,46 (4) : 1 079 - 1 085.
10Joyner P H, Brown J D, Holladay S, et al. Characterization of the bacterial microflora of the tympanic cavity of eastern box turtles with and without aural abscesses [ J ]. Journal of Wildlife Disea- ses ,2006,42 (4) : 859 - 864.