论西南季节性干旱区节水型农作制度的构建

On Establishment of a Water-Saving Farming System in Seasonal Drought Regions of Southwest China

从水资源开发利用面临的问题、季节性干旱的多发性、旱作农业的重要地位3个方面论述了西南地区发展节水型农作制度的必要性,并提出了构建西南季节性干旱区节水型农作制度的基本思路.即①以多熟种植为特色的高效节水种植模式;②以保土保水为重点的保护性耕作技术;③以水资源高效利用为重点的节水灌溉与集雨补灌技术;④以农业资源合理开发为重点的立体农业技术;⑤以提高农作物抗旱性能为重点的化学抗旱保水技术.

This paper discusses the necessity of developing a water-saving farming system in southwest China from three aspects,i.e.,the problems in the exploitation and utilization of water resources,the high frequency of seasonal droughts,and the importance of dryland farming.Furthermore,some basic ideas on the establishment of a water-saving farming system in the seasonal drought regions of southwest China are proposed,including the highly efficient water-saving planting patterns characterized by multiple cropping,the conservative tillage technology focusing on water and soil conservation,the rain-collecting and water-saving irrigation technology emphasizing effective utilization of water resource,the stereoscopic agriculture technology centering on rational exploitation of agricultural resources,and the chemical drought-resistance and water-conservation technology with the improvement of drought tolerance of the crop as the key link.