济宁饮水高氟地区农村学龄儿童氟斑牙患病及影响因素研究

Investigation on Prevalence and Influencing Factors of Dental Fluorosis in School-age Children in Countryside with High Level of Fluoride in Drinking water in Ji'ning

目的研究饮水高氟地区农村学龄儿童氟斑牙患病影响因素,为综合防治地方性氟中毒提供依据。方法依据济宁市疾病预防控制中心提供的2006年山东省农村饮用水源高氟筛查结果,确定嘉祥县3个自然村作为调查点,于2008年5月分别采集3个自然村12户饮用水水样各1份,按照GB/T5750—2006《生活饮用水标准检验方法》测定pH值、氟化物、硬度。同时抽取3个自然村学龄儿童110人,按Dean法诊断氟斑牙并计算氟斑牙检出率;并对调查儿童进行入户问卷调查。结果3个自然村饮水水样pH值、氟化物、硬度均值分别为7.01,1.24mg/L,494.00mg/L;学龄儿童氟斑牙检出率为63.6%;儿童氟斑牙患病单因素Logistic分析表明,父母亲文化程度低、家庭年经济收入低、营养知识得分低和每日食物种类少与氟斑牙的发生有关;多因素Logistic分析表明,父亲文化程度高、家庭年经济收入高和每天都能吃到肉类、奶类、蛋类、豆类和新鲜蔬菜水果能降低氟斑牙的发病。结论济宁高氟区农村学龄儿童氟斑牙检出率较高,氟斑牙患病与家庭经济状况差、父母受教育程度低及营养缺乏有关。

Objective To explore the risk factors for school age chidren dental fluorosis in high fluoride rural areas. Methods Based on the fluoride screening results of rural drinking water in Shandong in 2006, three villages of Jiaxiang counties were selected as the survey sites, 12 drinking water samples were collected and pH value, fluoride, hardness were determined, 110 school-age children were chosen among high fluoride countryside in May, 2008. Dental fluorosis was examined, and a questionnaire survey was performed. Results The average levels of pH value, fluoride content and hardness were 7.01, 1.24, 494.00 mg/L respectively, and the of dental fluorosis was 63.6%. Simple Logistic regression analysis showed that the prevalence of dental fluorosis was associated with Lower family income, lower education level of parents, lower nutrition knowledge score and few kinds of daily food. Multiple Logistic regression analysis showed that the prevalence of dental fluorosis was positively associated with family income, education level of father and consumption of meat, milk, eggs, fresh vegetables and fruit. Conclusion The rate of dental fluorosis among school-age children in the investigated area is higher. Family income, parents＇ education and nutritional deficiency are related to the prevalence of dental fluorosis.