官能化硅烷及其配位化合物的研究

Functionalized Silanes and Their Metal Complexes

硅原子具有空的3d轨道,可以作为电子接受体,这样就赋予了有机硅化合物独特的性质。在硅原子上引入官能化基团的小分子化合物称为官能化硅烷。近年来官能化硅烷及其配位化合物引起了化学工作者的重视,在光学、电学、催化等方面得到广泛的应用。按照官能化基团的不同,官能化硅烷可以分为含烯基、炔基、芳环等基团的π型官能化硅烷和含N、O、P、S等杂原子的官能化硅烷两类。本文概括了官能化硅烷合成方法,总结了其配合物的制备途径及研究进展,并对其研究和发展方向进行了展望。

Silicon atom can be used as electron acceptor owing to the unoccupied 3d orbitals. This feature endowed organosilicon compounds with unique characters. Thus, functionalized silanes and their metal complexes have attracted much attention and have been extensively applied in many fields such as electronic, photoluminescence, catalytic and so on. Π-type and heteroatom-type functionalized silanes are introduced in this review. The former contains groups such as alkenyl, alkynyl, aromatic rings, etc., while the latter consists of nitrogen, oxygen, sulfur and phosphorus-containing functionalized silanes. The synthesis and progress of these two types functinalized silanes and their complexes are generalized in this article. The future of this research field is also prospected.