医院口腔诊疗器械和环境乙型肝炎病毒污染状况调查

Surveillance on Hepatitis B Virus Contamination of Dental Instruments

目的调查不同级别医院口腔诊疗器械和环境的HBV污染状况,探讨敏感监测方法。方法用无菌棉拭子沾采样液反复涂抹采集的样品进行高速(6000r/min)和超速(45000r/min)两次离心,分别取其上清液和底部下层液体;用ELISA法检测HBsAg,巢式PCR法检测HBV DNA。结果一级医疗机构口腔诊疗器械、诊疗环境样品167份,HBsAg阳性率为3.59%;HBsAg阳性样品中HBV DNA全部阳性,并且在31份HBsAg阴性样品中HBV DNA检测阳性率为6.45%;二、三级医疗机构口腔诊疗器械、诊疗环境样品52份样品均阴性。结论口腔诊疗器械和环境的HBV污染应引起重视,巢式PCR法检测HBVDNA较ELISA法检测HBsAg敏感,可试行推广应用。

Objective Investigate the sensitive monitoring method for the oral treatment instrvments, suvey of the HBV contamination in oral treatment equipment. Methods Pairs of samples collected twice a centrifugal high-speed（6 000 r/min） and ultracentrifugation （45 000 r / min）, respectively, whichever is the supernatant fluid and bottom sediment detection of HBsAg by ELISA method, Nested-PCR detection of statutory HBV DNA. Results A medical device after sterilization dental clinic, clinics, environmental HBsAg-positive rate of 3.59% in 167 samples HBsAg-positive samples HBV DNA all positive and in HBsAg- negative samples HBV DNA positive rate of 6.45% in 31 samples ;Two, three medical institutions were negative. Conclusion Nested PCR assay detection of statutory HBV DNA is sensitive than the ELISA method to detect HBsAg indicators,the detection of HBV contamination in oral treatment devices to consider increasing by nested-PCR detection of HBV DNA indicators.