苹果梨园土壤养分变化规律调查研究

Investigation on Change Law of Soil Nutrient in Apple-pear Garden

[目的]分析延边地区苹果梨园土壤养分季节及月份变化规律,为苹果梨园合理施肥提供理论依据。[方法]通过常规方法对整个延边地区苹果梨园土壤pH、全量养分及速效养分含量进行测定并进行分析。[结果]延边地区苹果梨园土壤全量养分变化不大,土壤有机质与速效养分变化较大;土壤有机质表现前期高,随后迅速下降,以后逐渐上升;土壤速效磷、速效钾含量前期高,以后逐渐下降,至采果前略有上升,后又呈下降趋势;碱解氮前期低,以后逐渐上升后又呈下降趋势。[结论]苹果梨园应重视有机肥的施入,有机肥和基肥应在春季一次性施足,夏季进行追肥。

[Objective] The study aimed to analyze the change law of soil nutrient in different seasons and months in apple-pear garden in Yanbian area and provide the theoretical basis for the rational fertilization in apple-pear garden.[Method] The soil pH,total nutrient and available nutrients in the apple-pear garden in all Yanbian area were determined and analyzed through the conventional method.[Result] The results showed that the total nutrient in the soil in apple-pear garden in all Yanbian area had a little change and the contents of organic matter and available nutrients in soil had a greater change.The organic matter content in the soil showed the trend of being high in prophase,then decreasing rapidly and later rising gradually.The contents of available phosphor and available potassium showed the trend of being high in prophase,then decreasing gradually,rising slightly before the fruit picking and decreasing lastly.The content of alkaline hydrolyze N showed the trend of being low in prophase,then rising gradually and later decreasing.[Conclusion] It should pay more attention to the application of organic fertilizer in apple-pear garden.The enough organic fertilizer and basic fertilizer should be applied in the spring once at a time and the additional fertilizer should be applied in the summer.