精神病人强制医疗制度比较研究

Comparative study on compulsory medical system for mental patient

对具有社会危险性的精神病人进行强制性医疗是世界多数国家力求在维护公民人身自由等基本权利和保护社会整体利益之间保持平衡的通行做法,也是人道主义理念在法律中的体现。我国虽然已经建立精神病人强制医疗制度,但由于现行刑法条文规定过于原则,缺乏具体可操作性,导致该项强制措施实施时常会陷入法律困境。通过对两大法系典型国家(美、德)的强制医疗措施的立法和实务状况的比较分析,提出符合我国现实国情的精神病人强制医疗制度的建设性意见。

Making compulsory medical for mental patient with social danger is the common practice of the most countries in the world to strive to maintain a balance between safeguarding fundamental civil rights to liberty etc. and protecting social interest as a whole, as well as the embodiment of humanitarian idea in the law. Although our country has built compulsory medical system for mental patient,because the existing legal provision is over principled,lacks maneuverability, this compulsory measure sometimes gets into legal difficulty when implementation. By comparative analysis on compulsory medical legislation and practice of typical countries of two legal systems, the United States of America and Germany, puts forward the constructive opinions on compulsory medical system for mental patient conforming to Chinese condition.