论奥巴马政府对外战略的调整

On Obama Administration’s Adjustments to Its External Strategies

自奥巴马入主白宫以来，美国的对外政策与过去相比有了较大的变化，主要表现为：信奉多边主义，重视多边机制的参与和合作；注重“软实力”的运用，致力于改善美国的国际形象：强调接触和对话．注重通过外交手段解决争端；讲求原则和实用主义相结合，从而更加务实。然而，奥巴马政府对外战略的调整也是有限的：一是不会改变维护美国“一超独霸”地位的战略目标；二是美国对外战略始终受国内政党政治和利益集团的制约；三是面临中期选举，民主党为确保胜选，不能过度调整其内外政策。当前的伊核问题、阿富汗局势、巴以和平进程等已经成为奥巴马政府无法回避的挑战。

Since President Obama came into office,major changes in the U.S.external policies have taken place as compared with the past.Those changes can be found mainly in the following aspects:a belief in multilateralism and playing attention to participation and cooperation in multilateral mechanisms;laying stress on application of 'soft power'and making efforts in improving the U.S.international image;highlighting the importance of engagement and dialogue,and settlement of disputes through diplomatic means,and striving for a perfect match in combining principles with pragmatism and doing business in a more practical way.However,some limitations in the adjustments of the external strategies by the Obama Administration have also been exposed.Firstly,the U.S.strategic aim of preserving its superpower status cannot be changed.Secondly,the U.S.external strategies have always been constrained by its partisan politics and American interest groups.Thirdly,with the mid-term elections approaching,the Democratic Party,in order to secure victory in the elections,will not go too far in adjusting its internal and external policies.The present Iranian nuclear issue,the Afghan situation,the dead lock in Palestine-Israel peace process and other problems have become unavoidable challenges to the Obama Administration.