深地科学实验的发展现状及我国发展战略的思考

DEEP UNDERGROUND SCIENCES IN CHINA:STATUS AND PROSPECTS

深地科学实验涉及粒子物理、核物理、天体物理、生命科学、地球科学和深部岩体力学等多个学科的重大前沿领域。深部地下科学与工程实验室是进行这些研究的重要的基础设施和研究平台,并促进学科间的交叉和融合。深地实验室可提供许多精确实验要求的极低宇宙线本底环境和极低背景噪声环境,以及地下工程、深地资源开发等领域研究要求的高地应力、高地温、高渗透压等深地极端条件的环境。近年来国际上深地实验室的发展十分迅速,并不断向越来越深的地下发展。我国四川省的锦屏山隧道群具有得天独厚的地理优势,是建设大型深地科学与工程实验室的理想场所。我们应当抓住这一重大历史机遇,科学规划,分步实施,建设国家深地科学与工程实验室,并在条件成熟时向国际开放,争取实现我国深地科学与工程技术研究的一次飞跃。

Deep underground science experiments involve many important scientific issues in various fields, such as particle physics, nuclear physics, astrophysics, life sciences, earth sciences, deep rock mechanics and other disciplines. The deep underground science and engineering laboratories are important infrastructures and research platforms for the researches, and to promote the interdisciplinary studies. The facilities can provide special environment with the lowest noise, as well as the extremely low background produced by cosmic rays. In another aspect, the developing of the deeply construction and resource exploration require more and more research subjects to solve the problems on high stress, high temperature, high osmotic pressure, and so on, in deeply underground conditions. Therefore, in recent years, the deep underground sciences have developed very quickly in the international community. The scientists intend to go to deeper underground for their experiments. The tunnels at Jinping Mountain of Sichuan is an ideal site to build large-scale science and engineering laboratory with unique geographical advantage. We should seize this historic opportunity, planning scientifically, step by step to establish a national deep under- ground science and engineering laboratory, which will be open internationally, so as to promote the deep science and engineering research in China.