基于低碳化视角的东北地区振兴——以吉林市为例

Revitalization of Northeast China Based on a Low-carbon Perspective:A Case Study on Jilin City

《东北地区振兴规划》提出要将东北地区建设成为综合经济发展水平较高的重要经济增长区域。论文以东北地区振兴为背景,探讨吉林市产业低碳化发展的路径,提出吉林市实现低碳发展的政策与建议。吉林市作为东北老工业基地之一和工业重镇,已形成了以石化、汽车、冶金、电力为龙头的产业格局。实现吉林市产业升级和现代化改造,低碳化发展是必然趋势。吉林市低碳经济发展,必须在本地自然资源条件和自身经济的可持续发展前提下,采取尽可能大的努力,实现较低温室气体排放,主要体现在:将吉林市的产业结构调整到一个低能耗、高效率的状态;通过多种激励政策和措施,促进节能减排、普及先进高效技术、以及大力发展可再生能源技术和核电技术;促进低碳生产方式、低碳消费方式和低碳生活方式成为一种社会的普遍行为,最终实现大规模减排温室气体目标,以利于吉林市政府和相关决策部门更全面、系统、并力求实际地展望和创造自己未来的低碳发展之路。

The ＂Plan of Revitalizing Northeast China＂ promotes Northeast China to become a critical growth engine bearing characteristics of strong economic strength, relatively complete institutions and systems, a rational industrial structure, a balanced regional growth, sound development of resource-based cities and a harmonious social environment. To fully achieve the goal of revitalization of this region, the area should be established as an internationally competitive equipment manufacture base, a state base for new materials and energy supply, a key state base of grain commodities and agricultural and animal husbandry production, a key state base of technological development and innovation, as well as a strategic area for national ecological safety. On the other hand, low-carbon economy has become a hot topic in the context of climate change. However, extensive studies on the definition and evaluation methodology of low carbon economy have not been performed. It was considered that a low carbon economy is an economic form showing both a high level of carbon productivity and human development. This is related to an economic development level as well as driving forces such as resource endowment, technological advancement, consumption behavior and environmental policy. On the basis of exploring the concept and dominant driving factors of low carbon economy, in the present work, the authors analyzed appropriate indicators to evaluate low-carbon economy and further developed an evaluation system with three different dimensions： low-carbon outputs, low-carbon consumption and low-carbon resources. The evaluation system was subsequently applied to Jilin City to evaluate its low-carbon economy development status and potential. As one of the northeast old industrial bases, Jilin City has formed an industry leading by petrol chemical industry, automobile industry, metallurgical industry and electricity industry. To achieve industrial upgrade and modernization, low-carbon development would be a promising trend in Jilin City. The concept of developing low-carbon economy, from a global perspective, refers to realization of the shared vision of the human society, i.e., a world recognized emission level that results in a relatively low temperature rise. The most commonly discussed emission levels refer to 450 ppm and 550 ppm concentration targets. From China’s or Jilin City’s perspective, the low-carbon economy means, under the conditions of national or local natural resources and an assumption of sustainable development, making efforts as much as possible in realizing a lower level of greenhouse gases （GHG） emissions. These efforts primarily include adjustment of current economic structure to a relatively less energy intensive and higher efficiency status spurred by various encouragement policies to promote energy savings and emission reductions, popularization of advanced high-efficient technology, renewable energy technologies and nuclear technology, and establishment of a low carbon production mode and a life style. This would helpful for achievement of the goals of substantial GHG reductions.