金佛山国家级自然保护区植物群落优势种与多样性研究

Study on Dominant Plant Species and Plant Community Diversity in the Jinfo Mountain Nature Reserve

采用常规野外调查法对金佛山国家级自然保护区南、北、西3坡向不同海拔梯度的植物群落优势种和植物多样性进行调查研究。结果表明:①海拔1 840 m处,乔木层的优势种都是常绿阔叶树种,其他海拔区域乔木层的优势种未呈现规律性;西坡不同海拔高度乔木层的优势种都属于常绿阔叶树种,而其他坡向未呈现规律性;北坡840 m和西坡840 m处的灌木层优势种都为乔木幼树,分别是四川大头茶(Gordonia acuminate)幼树和油茶(Camellia oleifera)幼树;海拔1 840 m处,各坡向草本层以阴生的植物为优势种。②西坡1 340 m和北坡1 840 m处植物群落物种多样性最高,受到严重干扰的山顶和南坡1 840 m处物种多样性最低而北坡1 340 m和南坡1 340 m处在受到干扰的情况下仍表现出较高的物种多样性。③植物群落内各层的物种丰富度的大小顺序依次为草本层>乔木层>灌木层,而群落多样性指数的大小顺序依次为乔木层>草本层>灌木层。

Dominant plant species and plant community diversity were investigated at different altitudes in the Jinfo Mountain Nature Reserve. The results showed that： 1） The dominant plant species of arbor layer at altitude of 1 840 m of each slope belonged to the same type which was evergreen broad-leaved forest. However, the dominant plant species of arbor layer at other altitude were of different vegetation types. The dominant plant species at each altitude of west slope were species of evergreen broad-leaved for- est, the dominant plant species of arbor layer of other slopes were of different vegetation types. The dominant plant species of shrub layer at 840 m of north and west slope were saplings of Gordonia acuminata ＆ Camellia oleifera. At altitude of 1840m of each slope, the dominant plant species of herb layer were shade plants.2） The biodiversity at 1 340 m of west slope and 1 840 m of north slope of Jinfo Mountain Nature Reserve were the highest. The biodiversity of the peak and the plot at 1 840 m of south slope was the lowest, while the two plots were suffered from high level disturbance. 3） Generally the species richness order was that the herb layer〉 arbor layer〉 shrub layer, the diversity index order was that the arbor layer 〉 herb layer 〉 shrub layer.