厚朴药用林的生长特性及人工培育技术

Growth Characteristics and Artificial Cultivation Techniques of Magnolia offcinalis Medicinal Forests

采用标准地调查、生物量测定、树干解析等方法对福建省明溪县不同年龄的厚朴药用林的生长特性及人工培育技术进行分析研究。结果表明,厚朴适应性强、早期速生,造林后10 a即可间伐采收树皮。21年生的厚朴树干解析木分析表明:树高速生期在4～12年生,胸径速生期为6～14年生,材积速生期为4～18年生,18年生以后为厚朴剥皮的最佳年龄。树皮生长与胸径、树高呈极显著的正相关,即胸径越粗、树越高、树皮也越厚。药用林栽培关键技术为选用小凸尖厚朴等优良品种,Ⅰ、Ⅱ立地级造林,结合整地施足基肥,合理的造林密度,适时造林,强化抚育,适当选留萌条,及时间伐控制密度等。

Magnolia offcinalis medicinal forest growth characteristics and artificial cultivation techniques were analysed and studied with the sample plot investigation, biomass measurement, stem analysis and other methods. The results showed that Magnolia offcinalis had strong adaptability, and grew fast at early stage, the bark could be harvested by forest thinning after 10 years of afforestation.21-year-old Magnolia offcinalis stem analysis wood analysis showed that： tree height fast-growing period was 4-12 a, diameter fast-growing period was 6 - 14 a, volume fast-growing period was 4 - 18 a, 18 a was the best age for the bark peeling of Magnolia offcinalis. Bark growth and dbh, tree height had highly significant positive correlation, that was, the coarser DBH was, the higher tree was and the thicker bark was. Cultivation key technologies of medicinal forest was： using a small convex tip Magnolia and other varieties, Ⅰ , and Ⅱsite-level afforestation, applying fully basal fertilizer in combination with soil preparation, ratiohal planting density, timely planting, appropriate selection of coppice shoot, and the density control with timely thinning.