爆破振动安全判据研究综述

View of Research on Safety Criterion of Blasting Vibration

简要回顾了国内外爆破振动安全判据的发展历程,综合分析了岩石高边坡和地下洞室围岩的爆破振动破坏机理、动力稳定性评价方法和爆破振动对新浇混凝土影响等方面的研究现状与进展,介绍了国内矿山、水电及核电行业采用的有关建(构)筑物、岩石高边坡、地下洞室围岩、基岩以及新浇混凝土的主要爆破振动安全判据标准,并与国外相关标准进行比较。分析讨论了以往爆破振动破坏机理研究中存在的问题以及现有爆破安全判据中的不足,如未对爆破地震波作用下岩体中波的传播问题和边坡动力响应问题的不同破坏机理加以区分,现有爆破振动安全判据中未对振动频率和持续时间的影响加以考虑等。

The development of the safety criterion of blasting vibration is briefly reviewed. The state and advance is introduced and analyzed in the mechanism of failure or damage induced by blasting vibration, the analysis methods of dynamic stability for rock slopes and surrounding rock mass of underground caverns under blasting vibration, and the influence of blasting vibration on early-aged concrete, etc. The safety criteria of blasting vibration for high rock slope ,underground caverns, foundation rock mass and early-aged concrete adopted by mining industry, hydropower and nuclear power engineering in China are presented, and compared with those employed abroad. Main problems exist in the study of the damage mechanism induced by blasting vibration and deficiencies of the eurrendy adopted safety criteria are analyzed and discussed ,such as there is made no distinguish between the different damage mechanics induced by the propagation of blasting seismic in rock mass and by the dynamic response of rock slope, and the adopted safety criteria without considering the influence of vibration frequency and duration and so on.