小麦禾谷孢囊线虫在山东省的分布新报道

New Distribution Report of Cereal Cyst Nematode on Wheat in Shandong Province

于2009年5～7月,在山东省13地级市61个县/区调查、采集小麦根系及根围土样本115份,在76份样本中检查到禾谷孢囊线虫(CCN)的孢囊,检出率为66.1%,孢囊密度为每200mL土壤0～326个。调查结果表明,CCN在菏泽、济宁、枣庄、聊城、济南、德州、滨州、东营、淄博、潍坊和青岛等11个地级市的47个县/区有发生,但发生状况在各地间差异很大:孢囊检出率前5位的是枣庄、聊城、青岛、济宁和菏泽,平均孢囊密度前5位的是聊城、青岛、德州、菏泽和东营;在13地级市的14个县/区未检查到孢囊,而在采自日照市和临沂市的7个县/区的15个样本中均没有检查到CCN孢囊。调查结果同时表明,CCN的远距离传播与跨区作业的联合收割机和河流的流水携带有关。有些小麦地块CCN孢囊密度很大,已成为当地小麦生产上新的危险性病害。

In May and June of 2009, 115 samples of wheat roots and rhizosphere soils were collected from 61 counties/districts of 13 regional cities in Shandong province, and cereal cyst nematode （CCN） was detected in 76 samples with the detection ratio of 66.1% and the cyst density range of 0 -326/200 mL soil. The result indicated that CCN had occurred in 47 counties/districts under the 11 regional cities of Heze, Jining, Zaozhuang, Liaocheng, Ji- nan, Dezhou, Bingzhou, Dongying, Zibo, Weifang and Qingdao; the CCN occurrence situations were much different among regions： the first five cities for detection ratio were Zaozhuang, Liaocheng, Qingdao, Jining and Heze, and the first five cities for average cyst density were Liaocheng, Qingdao, Dezhou, Heze and Dongying; CCN cysts were not detected in 14 counties/districts of the 13 regional cities and were not found in all the 15 samples from 7 counties/districts of Rizhao and Linyi regional cities. The results indicated additionally that there were some indica- tions showing that the long distance spreading of CCN might be resulted from the trans - regional operations of wheat combine harvesters and the water flowing of large rivers. The CCN cyst densities were high enough to cause heavy damage to wheat production in some wheat blocks.