物理学研究的新领域——探索复杂性

Exploring complexity——a new realm in physics

文章介绍了近代科学思想和方法论中的两个基本模式,即还原论和系统论,指出在物理学及其交叉学科中探索复杂系统将是未来科学发展的一个重要领域,它们共同构成复杂性科学.文章说明了复杂网络的一些特殊性质,它们可以用来描述一些复杂系统的结构和功能.作为一个导引,文章还介绍了国内外研究复杂系统的主要学术流派,并重申复杂性研究以及交叉学科对中国中长期科学发展的重要意义.

Based on discussions of the two fundamental ways of thinking in modern science,namely reductionism and systemism,we point out that complexity science,in which physics and its related interdisciplinary studies are deeply involved,is a vital territory in the development of contemporary science.Investigations on the particular characteristics of complex networks can be useful in the description of the structure and functions of various complex systems.As an introduction,we list the major schools in the field of complex science worldwide.Research on complexity and cross-disciplines is of deep significance in China＇s long-term scientific development.