婴儿期不同养育方式对青少年期心理健康的影响

Effects of infant rearing practices on mental health of adolescents

目的探讨婴儿期养育方式对青少年期综合心理健康状况及其相关方面的影响。方法采用一般情况问卷(自拟)、青少年自评量表(YSR)、青少年生活事件自评量表(ASLEC)对66名婴儿期采用隔代养育的青少年(研究组)和67名婴儿期采用亲子养育的青少年(对照组)进行测评。结果多元方差分析显示,两种养育方式的青少年综合心理健康无差异,(Wilks’λ=0.881,F=1.85,P=0.066>0.05);控制了婴儿期主要养育人受教育年限和生活事件混杂因素影响后进行多元协方差分析,结果显示亲子养育青少年社交方面优于隔代养育青少年(2.54±0.24vs3.44±0.25,F=6.38,P=0.013<0.05)。结论养育方式对青少年综合心理健康的远期影响有限,应当加强隔代养育儿童社交方面的培养。

Objective To explore the effects of infant rearing practices on mental health of adolescents.Methods This study was carried out to compare mental health outcomes,using Youth Self-Report（YSR） between adolescents raised by their grandparents（study group） and adolescents raised by their parents（control group） in infant period.Results Multivariate ANOVA showed that no significant differences in general mental health were found among the adolescents of different infant rearing practices（Wilks＇λ=0.881,F=1.85,P=0.066〉0.05）.Multivariate Analysis of Covariance（MANCOVA） was used to control the effects of live events stress and Average Education Years of main foster.The subsequent analyses showed that the two groups showed no significant difference except for social problems（2.54±0.24 vs 3.44±0.25,F=6.38,P=0.013〈0.05）.Conclusion The long-term effect of infant rearing practices on adolescent mental health was limited,but grandparents should pay more attention to helping their grandchildren developing social skills.