女大学生营养、运动意识及生理机能状况调查

A survey on nutrition,exercise awareness and physiological function of female college students

目的了解女大学生营养、减肥与运动意识的形成及相关生理机能变化状况。方法采用文献资料法、问卷调查法和机能测试法,对女大学生的饮食习惯、减肥、运动技能状态进行调查分析,并从参加《大学生健康教育》选修课的学生中抽取素食减肥组和运动减肥组进行运动能力和技能指标的比较。结果调查的学生营养知识平均得分为32.34±10.62分,英语系、体育系、护理系和参加选修课学生分别为27.98±11.03分、30.14±10.32分、39.68±9.87分和35.57±11.25分,4部分人之间存在统计学差异;素食减肥组和运动减肥组学生静息状态下机体测量基本情况无统计学差异;节食的女大学生身体不适者占77.42%;素食减肥组不吃早餐者占48.28%;食素减肥者的心肺功能各项指标均低于运动减肥者,机能指标有统计学差异(P<0.01)。结论调查的学生营养知识得分不平衡,部分女大学生节食减肥方式不正确,素食减肥组学生负荷后机能指标低于运动减肥组。应该在开设的健康教育课中增加相关营养知识内容,避免因相关知识缺乏影响身体健康。

Objective To understand the formation conditions of nutrition,exercise awareness and physiological function among female college students,and to avoid an incorrect way of lose weight that could lead to sub-healthy state,as well to guide female students out of misunderstanding of weight-loss.Methods Literature review,questionnaire and functional tests were used to survey and analyze the eating habits,weight-loss and sports skills of female college students.Student selected from elective courses formed two groups（vegetarian dieting weight-control and exercise weight control） to be compared on exercise capability and skills.Results The average score of nutritional knowledge of the sampled students was 32.34±10.62.Students in English Department,Sports Department,Nursing Department and in elective courses had nutritional scores of 27.98±11.03,30.14±10.32,39.68±9.87 and 35.57±11.25 respectively.There was no difference in exercise skills between vegetarian dieting weight-loss group and exercise.77.42% of dieting females had experienced physical nuisance,and vegetarian diet group accounted for 48.28% of students who did not eat breakfast.Vegetarian diet＇s heart and lung function index were lower than those who exercised to lose weight（P〈0.01）.Conclusion Nutrition knowledge scores of students were distributed unevenly.Some female college students dieted incorrectly.The vegetarian diet group students＇ function indicators were lower than the exercise weight loss group.Health education classes should be developed to increase knowledge of nutrition-related content,and to avoid the impact of knowledge deficiency on health.