轻逸与沉重:当代历史小说的两种叙事

Lightness and Heaviness:Two Narrative Ways in Contemporary Historical Novels

沉重是从"真"的角度看取历史,力主"真相"的浮现;轻逸则从"思"的维面,探询历史是怎样的和可能呈现的面相。轻逸较沉重而言,是"减重"式的做法,在叙事结构、叙事语言等方面,力主文本诗性、凝练、寓言化。沉重较轻逸而言,是一种"加重"的方式,作者或叙事者凭借为历史作证的勇气,直面并再现历史真实的面相,揭示过往的历史叙述如何遮蔽了真正的历史,并竭力彰显另类的历史,尤其是创伤性的历史,由此体现出鲜明的政治倾向性。

Heaviness is a way which views the history from the angle of truth and tries to make the truth emerge while lightness is one which focuses on thought, sounding out what history is like and how it might appear. Compared to heaviness, lightness is somewhat a practice in which more burden is alleviated and that argues more strongly for text＇s poetic character, compactness and allegorization in narrative structure and language. Heaviness, however, is a way in which more burden is added. The writer or narrator faces and re-constructs the real aspects of history by virtue of their courage to testify the history, reveals how previous historical narration hides the real history and tries to show the different history, especially the bitter history, thereby embodying his or her distinct political tendency.