以理智培养为鹄的的大学观——赫钦斯《美国高等教育》研读

The Idea of University Based on the Purposes of Intellectual Cultivation:A Study of Hutchins' The Higher Learning in America

赫钦斯在《美国高等教育》一书中构建了一种理想的大学。在赫钦斯的大学观念中,大学应是独立思想的中心,以培养学生的理智为鹄的,以西方名著为课程的主体,以对话法为主要的教学方法,以学院制为实施的体制,同时强调大学校长在大学发展中的领导和统一作用。随着高等教育的大发展,赫钦斯的高等教育思想逐渐显现其重要性,对当下高等教育发展具有一定程度的影响与启发意义。

In The Higher Learning in America, Hutchins constructs an ideal university. According to his idea of university, a university, as a center of independent thoughts, should aim to develop the intellect of students, the core of its curricula should consist of the great books in the western civilization, instruction should be conducted mainly through dialogue, and the system should be established on institution of colleges. Meanwhile, he emphasizes the role of the president in the development of a university. With the rapid development of higher education, Hutchins＇ thoughts have become more and more important and are exerting considerable influence on today＇ s higher education.