出土文献与《楚辞·九歌》研究

UNEARTHED DOCUMENTS AND THE STUDY OF NINE SONGS IN THE SONGS OF CHU

出土文献的大量发现与整理给《九歌》研究提供了新的思路,使往常在注重考据的层面上更加倾向于思想性的探究,尤其对于《九歌》的作者、创作意图、人神关系及祀神观念方面出土文献均有较强的说服力,这使得《九歌》非屈原所做的错误观点得以澄清。而出土文献与《九歌》祀神体系方面具有的同构性,标明了《九歌》的主题性质是国家的祀典,由此形成的较为相近的楚地祀神观念对于了解楚文化及《九歌》的创作意图颇有启发,在《九歌》个别篇目的研读方面,出土文献也起到了一定的辩证作用。

The discovery and arrangement of plenty of unearthed documents offer a new perspective to the study of Nine Songs, especially comparatively forcible support to the following aspects： the author, writing purpose of the works, the relationship between man and gods and the concept of worshiping gods. More attention, then, is paid to the ideological probe based on the textual criticism that was the focus in the past. The documents help clear up the wrong idea that Nine Songs was not written by Qu Yuan and their isomorphism with Nine Songs in the system of worshiping gods indicates that the theme of Nine Songs was the religious ritual of Kingdom Chu. The concept of worshiping gods formed based on the documents is enlightening to the interpretation of the Chu Culture and the writing purpose of the works. The excavated documents are also dialectically functional in the study of some chapters of Nine Songs.