泸州烟区土壤pH分布特点及其与土壤养分的关系

Distributive Characters of Soil pH-value and Its Relationship with Soil Nutrient in Luzhou Tobacco-growing Area

测试分析了泸州烟区7688个土壤样本的pH，并分析了其与土壤养分的关系。结果表明：泸州烟区土壤pH总体适宜，平均为6．12，变异系数为18．76％；pH处于最适宜烤烟生长的5．5～6．5之间的土壤样本占总样本数的24．54％；pH处于适宜烤烟生长的5．0～7．0之间的土壤样本占53．15％。泸州不同烟区土壤pH高低顺序是：东部〉南部〉西部〉北部；不同土壤类型pH大小表现为：石灰土〉潮土〉粗骨土〉黄壤土〉紫色土〉水稻土。土壤pH与速效磷、速效铁、速效锰、速效铜、速效锌、速效硼、速效硫、交换性镁、交换性钙的相关性均达到1％的极显著水平。土壤pH分组后，土壤养分含量在组间存在极显著差异。泸州烟区pH在5．5～6．5间的土壤的有机质、阳离子交换量、速效氮、速效钾、速效铁、速效锰、速效铜、速效硫、交换性钙、镁的含量丰富，能够满足烤烟正常生长；速效磷、速效锌、速效硼、水溶性氯含量，在pH为5．5～6．5时的含量偏低。

The pH- values of 7688 soil samples from Luzhou tobacco -growing area were determined, and the relationship between soil pH - value and soil nutrients was analyzed. The results showed that soil pH in this area was generally suitable for the cultivation of tobacco, it had a spatial mean of 6.12 and variation coefficient of 18.76%. About 24.54% of the soil samples had pH 5.5 6.5, which was most suitable for the cultivation of high -quality tobacco. About 53.15% of the soil samples had pH 5.0 -7. 0, which was also good for the growth of high - quality tobacco. The soil pH - value in the different regions of Luzhou tobacco area was in the following order ： east Luz, , 〉 south Luzhou 〉 west Luzhou 〉 north Luzhou. The soil pH for different soil types was in the following order： calcareous soil 〉 moisture soil 〉 skeletal soil 〉 yellow brown loam 〉 purple soil 〉 paddy soil. The correlation between soil pH -value and soil nutrient content, including available phosphorus （AP）, available iron （AFe）, available manganese （ AMn）, available copper （ ACu）, available Zinc （ AZn）, available boron （ AB ）, available sulfur （ AS ）, exchangeable magnesium （ Mg）, exchangeable calcium （Ca） was all significant at 0.01 confidence level. Significant difference in soil nutrients among different soil pH- value groups existed at 0. O1 confidence level. The content of organic matter （Om）, cation exchange capacity （CEC）, AN, AK, AFe, AMn, ACu, AS, exchangeable Ca and exchangeable Mg in the soil with pH 5.5 - 6.5 was abundant, and could meet the requirement of good tobacco growth, while the content of AP, Azn, AB and water -soluble Cl in the soil with pH 5.5 -6.5 was relatively low.