2007-2008四川省眉山及广汉市血吸虫病水利防治结果分析

Evaluation of Water Engineering Project for Schistosomiasis Control in Meishan and Guanghan in Sichuan,2007-2008

目的了解水利血吸虫病防治措施,为建立水利血防措施评价指标提供依据。方法选择眉山市东坡区秦家镇马桥村水利血防工程和广汉市连山镇石门村中沟环改水利血防工程以及工程所在村的其他非工程沟渠,用GPS测试沟渠坐标,采用系统抽样法,框距10m,检获的钉螺压碎镜检。选择眉山市东坡区马桥村和广汉市石门村的常住人口,抽取665岁常住居民不少于300名,采用间接血凝试验IHA进行筛查,全部血检阳性者以Kato-Katz法进行病原学检查。结果石门村中沟环改工程片区2007年硬化段沟渠两岸沿线调查,有螺框出现率为0.16%,平均活螺密度0.0015只/框(每框=0.11m2)。未硬化段调查,有螺框出现率7.84%,平均活螺密度0.2只/框。2008年硬化段沟渠两岸沿线调查,有螺框出现率0.77%,活螺密度0.014只/框,未硬化段调查,有螺框出现2%,活螺平均密度0.059只/框。马桥村水利血吸虫病防治工程片区2007年硬化段两岸沿线调查,有螺框出现率0.21%,活螺平均密度0.002只/框。未硬化段调查,有螺框出现率0.96%,活螺平均密度0.096只/框。2008年硬化段两岸沿线调查,有螺框出现率0.20%,捕获活螺2只,活螺平均密度0.04只/框。血检阳性人群主要分布在2635岁及56岁以上两个年龄组,粪检阳性人群均分布在36岁以上年龄组。结论工程修建前沟渠有螺框出现率显著高于工程修建后沟渠,硬化沟渠对控制钉螺生长,降低钉螺密度有很好的效果。

Objective To survey the role of the water engineering project for schistosomasis control in Meisban and Guanghan and provide evidence for the schistosomasis control by water engineering. Method The coordinate of ditches selected by systematic sampling were determined by GPS, and the boxes were placed every 10 meters to catch snails, which then were crashed for microscopy. Three hundred local residents aged 6 -65 years were selected to receive indirect hemagglutination assay （IHA）, all positive persons then received etiological detection by Kato-Katz method. Result For ditch improvement project in Shimen village, the sur- vey of central section on both banks in 2007 indicated that the boxes with snails （0. 0015 snail/box）accounted for 0. 16% in the hardened ditch（ each box = 0. 11m2 ）, the boxeswith snails （0. 2 snail/box） accounted for 7. 84% in the non-hardened ditch, and in the survey in 2008, the boxes with snails （0. 014 snail/box）accounted for 0. 77% in the hardened ditch, the boxes with snails （0. 059 snail/box）accounted for 2% in the non-hardened ditch. In the survey in Maqiao village in 2007 indicated that the boxes with snails（0. 002 snail/ box）accounted for 0. 21% in the hardened ditch, the boxes with snails （0. 096 snail/box）accounted for 0. 96% in the non-hardened ditch, in the survey in 2008, the boxes with snails （0. 04 snail/box）accounted for 0. 20% in the hardened ditch, 2 snails were caught. The percentage of boxes with snails before the project construction was significantly higher than that after the project construction. The people with positive blood test result were mainly aged 26 -35 and 〉 50 years, and the people with positive stool test were mainly aged over 36 years. Conclusion Hedardening ditches is effective to control the growth of snails and reduee snail density. Key words：