论英汉缩略词的构成及其应用

On the Structure and Application of English and Chinese Abbreviations

缩略词是一种常见的语言现象。汉语缩略词的形成是以汉字为基础,借助其指示符号的特点和语义系统相联系,选取全称的代表语素或减缩相同语素或用数字概括来表达原词及原意;英语中的缩略词是用英语构词法中缩略法去产生的新词。由于缩略词大大缩短了读写的时间,而且又能传达原短语全部或主要的信息,符合人们交往中的"经济原则",因此,缩略词将在文化、政治、经济、科技,计算机等方面得到广泛的应用。

Abbreviation is a common linguistic phenomenon. The formation of Chinese abbreviation is based on Chinese characters. It can convey its original meaning by using combination of its indicator characteristics and semantic system; choosing the brief representative morpheme; and using number. On the other hand, English abbreviation is formed by shortening. As abbreviations greatly reduce time to read and write as well as convey the original meaning, which suit for the principle of economy, abbreviations will be widely used in culture, politics, economy, technique, and computer fields.