水溶性铑膦配合物催化烯烃氢甲酰化反应研究进展

Progress of Olefin Hydroformylation Catalyzed by Water-Soluble Rhodium-Phosphine Complexes

水/有机两相体系中水溶性铑膦配合物催化的烯烃氢甲酰化反应由于具有环境友好和催化剂容易分离等优点而受到广泛关注.其中水溶性催化剂体系已经用于丙烯氢甲酰化反应制备丁醛的工业化生产.然而,长链烯烃在含有催化剂的水相中溶解性较差,反应速率较慢.综述了有关加速水/有机两相体系中长链烯烃氢甲酰化反应的方法和进展,包括使用具有表面活性的膦配体,以及在催化体系中添加环糊精和表面活性剂等促进剂.另外,还讨论了有关内烯烃氢甲酰化反应和提高直链醛选择性的方法.

Olefin hydroformylation catalyzed by water-soluble rhodium-phosphine complexes in aqueous/organic biphasic systems is very popular for its remarkable advantages such as environmentally friendly nature and easy catalyst separation. Some aqueous catalysis systems have been applied in the industrial production of butyl aldehyde by propene hydroformylation. However, for long-chain olefins, the reaction is retarded for their poor solubility in the aqueous phase containing catalysts. The strategy and the progress for accelerating the reaction of higher olefin hydroformylation in aqueous/organic biphasic systems were reviewed, including the use of surface active phosphines and the addition of promoters such as cyclodextrin and surfactants. Among them, composite catalysis systems composed of rhodium-phosphine complexes and surfactants showed a good application prospect. In addition, the internal olefin hydroformylation and the ways for improving regioselectivity for more valuable linear aldehydes were also mentioned.