恢复生态学的理论基础、关键技术与应用前景

The theoretical basis,key technology and application prospects of restoration ecology.

从群落自然演替的理论出发，指出生态系统的退化并不是不可逆的。恢复生态学阐述了在被破坏的生态系统自然演替的过程中，可以通过人为手段加以调控，改变演替的方向和速度，缩短生态恢复的时间过程的理论。作者指出生态恢复并不一定恢复原状，而是根据自然和社会条件恢复或重建生态系统的结构和功能，并使之达到自维持状态。生物种类及其生长介质的丧失或改变是影响生态恢复的主要障碍，因此，提出选择适合植物种类改造介质和利用物理、化学方法直接改良介质等生态恢复的关键技术。根据我国现实的环境、社会、经济情况提出生态恢复工程技术产业化的问题。

Based on theory of community succession, it is pointed that the degeneration of an ecosystem is not unreversible.Contrarily,the succession of a destroyed ecosystem could be controlled in both development direction and speed through engineering technologies.The ecological restoration may not try to restore an ecosystem to its former state.The more important is to restore or rebuild an ecosystem to a healthy state with perfect structure and functions in the conditions of local nature,economy and society.As losses of species and destruction of habitat are the main obstruction for restoring a destroyed ecosystem,introduction of appropriate plant species and improvement of habitat through suitable physical and chemical methods are the key technology to restore an ecosystem.Based on realistic conditions of China in environment,economy and society,possibility of industrialization of ecological restoration technology is discussed through detailed data analysis and successful example explanation.