摘要
美国联邦政府资助高等教育,在促进高校发展的同时,也出现了低效、不公平,助长受惠学生惰性,以及挑战大学自治等问题。其原因既在于社会环境和教育资助主导思想的变化,又在于联邦立法的不足、美国经济的起落变化,以及联邦政府管理不善等。面对此类问题,奥巴马政府加大了高等教育投入,实施了"直接贷款"制度,改革了"佩尔助学金"和"珀金斯贷款",并推行了"课税扣除"政策。奥巴马政府在危机中加大资助高等教育的政策值得深思。
Federal student aid in American higher education has promoted the development of higher education institutes in America.However,at the same time,it also brought about inefficiency,unfairness,increased passivity of benefited students and challenges to university autonomy.Those problems stemmed from changes in American social environment as well as ideology of educational subsidization,inadequacy of federal legislation,ups and downs in American economy,and misadministration of federal government.To solve those problems,the Obama government now has raised investment in higher education,implemented 'Direct Loan Program',reformed 'Pell Grants' as well as 'Federal Perkins Loan Program',and brought 'Tax Credit Policy' into effect,etc.Under the present financial crisis,measures taken by the Obama government to increase subsidization of higher education are unusual and deserve careful pondering.
出处
《现代大学教育》
CSSCI
北大核心
2010年第2期66-72,共7页
Modern University Education
基金
浙江大学“汤永谦学科建设发展基金”资助,为笔者访学美国“加州大学洛杉矶分校”成果
关键词
美国
高等教育资助问题
奥巴马政府
应对政策
America
student aid in higher education
the Obama government
countermeasures
