雷州黄牛GAD1和GHR基因的多态性分析

Polymorphism of GAD1 and GHR gene of Leizhou cattle

利用PCR-RFLP技术分析了61头雷州黄牛的谷氨酸脱羧酶1(GAD1)基因3′端片段和生长激素受体(GHR)基因第10外显子片段的多态性。结果表明,雷州黄牛群体在该2个基因位点均存在核苷酸变异多态性。在GAD1基因3′-UTR区,雷州黄牛的等位基因以B型占绝对优势,基因频率为0.9344,等位基因A的频率为0.0656;基因型频率以BB型占优势,占到牛个体数的87%。等位基因和基因型频率分布态势与国外品种海福特牛和西门塔尔牛相同,基因和基因型频率大小也与海福特牛和西门塔尔牛相近。在GHR基因第10外显子位点,雷州黄牛的等位基因频率与南阳黄牛和利木赞接近,而基因型频率差异较大,雷州黄牛以杂合AB基因型占绝对优势,达到0.95。这可能是取样或基因型影响出栏牛的收购等级,AB基因型牛可能具有较高等级的原因所致。

Polymorphisms of 3＇-region of glutamic acid decarboxylasel （CA D1） gene and exon 10 region of growth hormone receptor （GHR） gene were analysized by PCR-RFLP technique.The results showed that polymorphism existed on the 2 gene analysis loci of Leizhou cattle. Allele B was superior at GAD1 gene, frequency of B was 0.9344 and A 0.0656 respectively. BB genetype frenquecy was superior and BB genetype cattles hold 87% of all analysized. Proportion tendency of allele frequencies and genetype frequencies of Leizhou cattle resembled to Hereford and simmental. Numbers of allele frequencies and genetype frequencies were approximate to them. At exon 10 locus of GHR gene,Allele frequencies of Leizhou cattle were approximate to and similar to Nanyang cattle and Limousin but genetype frequencies differed from them. Cross-genetyp AB hold dominant proportion and its frequency amounted to 0.95.This result likely was due to taking sample manner or/and that genetypes affected cattle purchase ranks, AB genetype cattle might had a better grade.