2003-2006年武汉地区哮喘和变应性鼻炎患者吸入性变应原皮试分析

Analysis of the Allergy Intradermal Skin Test Results of Patients with Asthma and Allergic Rhinitis in Wuhan Area Between Year 2003 and 2006

目的:探讨武汉地区哮喘和变应性鼻炎患者的吸入性变应原种类和变应原皮试阳性情况。方法:2003-2006年武汉地区262例哮喘和/或变应性鼻炎患者为实验组,497例支气管炎患者为对照组,选择尘螨、豚草花粉、旧棉絮、蟑螂等10种常见吸入性变应原对两组患者做皮内试验,对结果进行回顾性分析。结果:实验组皮试阳性率(67.6%)高于对照组。实验组皮试阳性率较高的变应原依次为:蟑螂(56.5%),豚草花粉(51.1%),旧棉絮(50.4%)和尘螨(46.9%)。除梧桐花粉外(P>0.05),实验组对其它9种变应原的皮试阳性率均高于对照组。实验组中阳性结果多为+和。结论:武汉地区与哮喘和变应性鼻炎有关的主要吸入性变应原是蟑螂、豚草花粉、旧棉絮和尘螨。变应原皮试能为哮喘和变应性鼻炎的预防提供实验依据。

Objective：To investigate the main types and the positive rates of inhalant allergens of patients with asthma and/or allergic rhinitis in Wuhan area. Methods： The allergy intradermal skin tests of 10 inhalant allergens were performed in 262 patients with asthma and/or allergic rhinitis （test group） and 497 patients with bronchitis （control group） in Wuhan during year 2003-2006. Results： The positive rate of allergy intradermal skin test in the test group （67.6%） was higher than that in the control group （36.4%）. The main inhalant allergens （with high positive rates） in the test group were roach （56.5%）, ragweed pollen （51.1%）, old fluffed cotton （50.4%） and mite （46.9%）. The positive rates of allergy intradermal skin tests of 9 allergens （except for the phoenix tree flow pollen） in the test group are higher than those of the control group （all P0.05）. Conclusion： The allergy intradermal skin test of inhalant allergens, especially roach, ragweed pollen, old fluffed cotton, and mite, may provide experimental evidence for the prophylaxis of asthma and allergic rhinitis.