中国交通运输成本评价研究

Evalution of Transportation Cost in China

利用投入产出原理,构建交通运输成本评价模型,对中国各地区交通运输成本进行了测算。结果表明中国交通运输成本区域间存在较大差异,总体表现出西部地区要高于中部地区,而中部地区又高于东部地区,且交通运输成本具有营运成本>建设成本>运转设备成本的特点,而由中间品投入形成的交通运输成本,还呈现出行业贡献集中度高的特点。中国交通运输成本这种空间明显的差异,与区域间地理环境差异具有密不可分的关系。

Using the input-output theory, the paper constructs an evaluation model of transportation cost and applies it to the calculation of transportation cost of the different regions of China. The calculation results show that there exists rather great difference between regional transpertation costs, the general pattern being that of the western region higher than the mid region which is in turn higher than the eastern region. It is also notable that, within the transportation cost, the operation cost is higher than the construction cost which is still higher than the equipment consumption cost. Besides, in view of the investment of intermediate products, the transportation cost in China is also characterized by the high concentration degree of industrial contribution. The paper holds it that the marked spatial differences of transpertation costs in China is closely related to the geographic and environmental differences between the regions.