应用卫星遥感技术监测兴国县水土流失动态演变

Monitoring the Dynamic Evolution of Soil Loss in Xingguo County Through Satellite Remote Sensing Technique

兴国县是我国革命老区之一,地处江西省赣州地区东北部,介于东经115°01′至115°51′,北纬26°03′至26°41′之间,京九铁路纵穿县境,全县土地面积为3215km^2,人中约54万,耕地约3.2万hm^2,其中89%为水田.兴国县属中亚热带季风湿润气候区,年均日照约1929.3h,气温18.9℃,无霜期284d,径流总量26.37亿m^3,降水量1538.7mm.地貌特征大致为“七山一水一分田,一分道路和庄园”,土壤主要有红壤、黄壤、紫色土和水稻土.林种有马尾松、杉木、枫香、木荷等,经济林种有油茶、油桐、茶叶、柑橘等,草本有芭茅.铁芒萁、野枯草等.

To scientifically estimate the variation of soil erosion and the benefit of comprehensive management for 10 odd years in Xingguo County, the paper adopted national soil erosion classification criteria and remote sensing investigation method, selected and interpreted satellite remote sensing images of three typical years-1982, 1992 and 1996, which respectively reflecting soil erosion situation before and after key hamessment, drew up serial maps for soil erosion. The result indicated that in 1992-the end of the first phase key harnessment, the soil loss area in the whole county was 1142. 63 km_(2), reduced 320. 36 km than that before harnessment; in 1996-the second phase of key harnessment, the soil loss area was 750. 77 km_(2), reduced by 391. 86 km than that in 1992; the average annual soil erosion amount in the whole county during 1982 to 1992, 1992 to 1996 reduced respectively by 179. 7 thousand tons and 569. 5 thousand tons .