商丘古城发展研究——兼析明代商丘城市的历史地理问题

The Study of Shangqiu City

在运用历史文献和考古资料对历史文化名城商丘古城演替和明代城市综合分析后,可以看出西周宋国都城为内外城布局,内城又分为东城和西城,东城为宫殿区,西城为作坊区和居民区。汉代梁国睢阳城大致沿袭西周战国宋国城之旧,北魏时期睢阳城有故城和今城之分。故城(秦汉睢阳城),唐代为宋州城之"南城",宋代位于应天府郭城中,明睢阳旧城南面,弘治中沦于水。明睢阳旧城与考古之睢阳城非一城,应为在考古之睢阳城基础上向北推移一里左右之城。考古之睢阳城,即金元睢阳城,当为唐宋州城中"北二城"之一城,可追溯到北魏之今城。明睢阳旧城功能齐全,弘治十五年黄河水患损毁旧城全部建筑,迫于城北高地另筑新城(今商丘古城)。新城的修筑有个逐步完善的过程,至嘉靖三十七年才将商丘城池修缮完毕,才初步奠定今商丘古城城市的基本格局和风貌景观。

The city of hangqiu undergoes great changes in history according to historical documents and archeological materials. In Westem Zhou Dynasty, Shangqiu, the capital of Song State, has an inner city and an outer city. Shangqiu in Han Dynasty is similar to that in Zhou Dynasty. In Song Dynasty, it is called Yingtian. In Ming Dynasty, it was flooded by Huanghe River and a new city called Guide had to be cerected north of the old city.