试论苏联30年代大清洗的原因

On the Reasons of Soviet Great Purge in the 1930s

关于苏联30年代大清洗的原因,国内外学者进行了一系列的研究探讨。但往往陷入某种误区,即把大清洗的原因归结于斯大林的个人品质。仅仅将30年代的大清洗归结为斯大林个人品质所致是不客观的。30年代大清洗不但与苏联20年代的党内斗争、30年代新反对派的挑战密不可分,而且还必须将其与30年代苏联所处的国际环境联系起来综合考察。造成苏联30年代大清洗的原因是深层次的、多侧面、多视角的。

Domestic and foreign scholars conducted a series of studies on the reasons of Soviet Great Purge. But they tended to fall into some kind of misunderstanding, which attributed the reasons of Great Purge to Stalin＇s personal qualities, which this thesis argues not objective. Soviet Great Purge was not only inseparable from the Soviet struggle within the party in the 1920s and the new challenges of the opposition in the 1930s, but also has to be studied comprehensively with a consideration of the international environment in which Soviet Union was in the 1930s. The reasons of Soviet Great Purge in the 1930s are deep, multi-dimensional and multi-perspective.