关于中国当代史研究中的利用档案问题

The Use of Archives in the Study of Contemporary Chinese History

在中国当代史研究中,重视和充分利用档案具有特别重要的意义,是研究作品的科学性和学术公信力的重要保证之一。当代档案里,最值得重视的是决策档案、政情档案、经济与社会数据档案。决策档案是指与执政当局制订各项政治、经济、军事、外交、文化和社会生活各个方面的制度、法律、规章、计划、决定、政策、指示有关的档案资料;政情档案是指反映各级党政机关和职能部门施政状况与社会实际动态的档案资料;经济与社会数据型档案资料作为一定时期经济与社会发展的客观指标,能够直接或间接地显示社会物质生产、文化繁荣与生活发达的水平。要注意充分挖掘档案资料和其他各种资料,反复比较分析,形成综合性举证效应,把事实弄清楚。

In the study of contemporary Chinese history,it is of special significance to attach importance to and make full use of the archives,for it is an important assurance of the scientificity and academic credibility of research.Among the contemporary archives,the most noteworthy are those concerning decision-making,political situation,economic and social data.Those concerning decision-making refer to such files as system,laws,regulations,plans,decisions,policies,instructions that the government makes with regard to all the aspects of politics,economy,military,foreign affairs,culture and social life;those concerning political situation refer to files that reflect how party committees and governments at various levels administer the country and the real situation of the society;those economic and social data are the objective index of economic and social development during a certain period and can thus reflect the level of material production,cultural prosperity and living standard.We should pay particular attention to the dig of the file data and other types of data,read and digest to form a comprehensive proof effect,and clarify the facts.