博斯腾湖生态环境效应分析

Analysis of Ecological Environment Effects in Bosten Lake

博斯腾湖曾是我国最大的内陆淡水湖,是孔雀河的源头和开都河的尾闾,对地处干旱的新疆来讲,是极为重要的自然资源和经济资源。本文对博斯腾湖的生态环境效应进行了分析,通过分析表明博斯腾湖的生态环境效应主要表现在时间和空间两个方面,空间上距离博斯腾湖由远及近从若羌到大河口主要表现为夏季温度降低,降水增加,空气湿度、水气压增加,蒸发和沙尘暴和扬沙天气减少,土壤养分含量较高,尤其是越靠近湖区作用越明显;在时间上随着博斯腾湖的水位的变动,表现为随着水位的升高和蓄水量的增加,湖泊的矿化度开始降低,自然灾害的天数有所减少,鱼类的产量和芦苇的面积大幅度增加。博斯腾湖的生态环境效应非常明显,对于巴音郭楞蒙古自制州乃至整个新疆南部地区的环境保护有着不可替代的作用。

Bosten Lake is the biggest hinterland lake in China,it is the headstream of Kongque River and rump of Kaidu River.It is a very important nature and economy resources to arid Xinjiang.This paper analyzed the ecological and environmental effects of Bosten Lake,in space Bosten from far to near lake,the summer temperature and days of dust storm and drift along decrease,and the precipitation,air humidity and pressure of water vapor increase,the evaporation reduce;in time content the mineralization of water and the days of weather disaster tend to decrease with the lake level increase,the production of fish and area of reed trend to increase.The ecological and environmental effects play an important role in Bosten Lake for protecting ecology and environment in Bayinguolen Mongol Autonomous state and south area Xinjiang.