一维二维水动力模型耦合的城市洪水模拟

Simulation on urban flood based on coupling of 1D and 2D hydrodynamic models

城市洪水模拟通常包括城市内河流模拟和城区平面漫流模拟。一维水动力学模型可以较好地模拟河流和水工建筑物的水流特征,二维水动力学模型模拟水平漫流可以取得令人满意的结果。而一维二维耦合模型可以充分发挥两种模型的各自特色和优势,解决两种模型分别使用时经常遇到的空间分辨率和计算精度等问题。本文通过建立一维二维水动力耦合模型,针对不同的典型降雨过程,对该模型系统进行验证和分析,并最终用于模拟济南市不同重现期下洪水淹没情况。模拟结果表明,该模型能够有效地模拟复杂市区降雨积水过程,能够提供可信度较高的城市洪水潜在风险评估,可为城市防汛预警决策提供技术指导。

The urban flood simulation is usually consisted of the urban river simulation and the simulation of the plane overflow within an urban area. The flow characteristics of rivers and hydraulic buildings can be better simulated by 1D hydrodynamic model, while satisfactory resuh can be got from the simulation on the plane overflow with 2D hydrodynamic model Therefore, the coupling of both the models can fully exert the own characteristics and advantages of them, and then solve the problems from spatial resolu- tion and calculation accuracy during their respective use. Based on the establishing a 1D and 2D coupling hydrodynamic model, the model system is verified and analyzed in accordance with various typical precipitation processes, and finally the flood-inundations of Jinan City under the conditions of different flood return periods are simulated. The simulations show that the complicated process of water logging from precipitation in urban area can be effectively simulated by the model, and then the assessment on the potential risk from urban flood can be provided with higher reliability for guiding the decision-making for urban flood control.