基于参与性调查的退牧还草政策可持续性分析——以黄河源区为例

Analysis of the sustainable of grazing forbidden policy base on participatory rural appraisal

牧户是牧区最基本的生产单元,是退牧还草工程的主体和直接参与者,他们的经济行为和认知响应将会对工程的实施产生重要影响。研究采用参与式农户评估方法,就牧户对退牧还草工程的态度,退牧还草工程对牧户的经济影响等问题展开调查,结果表明,黄河源区的牧民已经认识到了天然草地退化的严重性,能够顾全大局实施退牧还草工程,并取得了阶段性生态效益。然而,由于缺乏牧民的广泛参与,政府的移民安置方案缺乏灵活性,移民区产业结构调整水平较低,牧民的生存和发展受到影响,大部分牧民认为他们的利益没有得到保障,并影响到退牧还草政策的持续执行。建议在工程实施过程中,应充分考虑当地牧民的意见和建议,并将其整合到工程实施中,将会有利于工程目标的实现。

The attitude and perception of herdsman on grazing forbidden project, the influence of economic on herd family by grazing forbidden policy were investigated using Participatory Rural Appraisal. The results showed that herdsmen have realized the severity of degraded natural grasslands, and they also could follow the grazing forbidden policy to meet the overall situation need, and which has been obtained phase ecological benefit. However, because of the lack of herdsmen＇s fully participation, the government＇s resettlement policy was empty of flexibility and the level of adjustment of economical industrial structure in the area of migration was very low. Meanwhile, most of herdsmen thought that their benefits were not guaranteed which influenced per- sistent implement of the grazing forbidden policy. It is suggested that local herdsmen＇s opinions and suggestions should be full consideration during the implementation of the project, which will benefit to the realization of the objectives of the project.