南方农区紫花苜蓿发展潜力与种植模式研究进展

Development potential and planting mode of alfalfa in farming regions of southern China

我国是紫花苜蓿生产大国之一,但南方农区紫花苜蓿的发展一直滞后,仅零星种植,生产效益不高。随着我国农业产业结构的调整以及畜牧业的蓬勃发展,农区对牧草产品的需求日益增加,紫花苜蓿的生产潜力正在逐渐显现。根据南方农区的生态条件和耕作制度设计紫花苜蓿与粮经作物复种的季节性种植模式,并配套相应的高产栽培技术,充分利用冬闲田和经济林晚秋至春季落叶季节进行速生栽培利用,能提高农区紫花苜蓿的生产效益。季节性栽培利用将是南方农区紫花苜蓿的重要发展方向。

Alfalfa（Medicago sativa）is a major forage crop and has a long cultivation history in China. However,its research and production in the farming regions of southern China is less. With the adjustment of agrieultural structure and rapid development of stockbreeding,alfalfa production has been paid more attention in recent years, because it is an effective way to solve the problem of forage shortage in southeastern China. According to the ecological condition and planting system,alfalfa grown as an after crop in paddy field or intercropping with fruit trees in late autumn-spring for seasonal utilization, can increase the utilization of natural resources to pro- duce plenty of forage and provide numerous benefits to the grower. Seasonal production of alfalfa on fallow farmland and under economic trees in winter-spring season will be the attemptable orientation of alfalfa production in the farming regions of southern China.