科学知识:实践基础上的主客观性统一

Scientific Knowledge:the Unity of Objectivity and Subjectivity Based on Practice

理性主义从强调科学知识的客观性,或追求对科学知识的"应然"理解走向绝对主义,认为科学知识是完全客观的;社会建构论从表达科学知识的主观性,或追求对科学知识的"实然"理解走向相对主义,认为科学知识是完全主观的。事实上,科学知识既非完全客观的,也非完全主观的,而是实践基础上的主客观性统一。

Starting from emphasizing the objectivity or pursuing the ideal state of scientific knowledge, the rationalism leads it- self to absolutism and thinks that scientific knowledge is absolutely objective. While starting from expressing the subjectivity or pursuing the actual state of scientific knowledge, the social constructivism leads itseff to relativism and thinks that scientific knowledge is abso- lutely subjective. In fact, scientific knowledge is neither absolutely objective nor absolutely subjective, but a unity of objectivity and subjectivity based on practice.